Teamwork in Tourism

Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned. Government bureaus, trade and travel associations, carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.

Travel operators, specialists in the field of planning, sponsor extensive research programs. They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services, and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and ____（46）____. They distribute materials to agencies, such as journals, brochures and advertising projects. They offer familiarization and workshop tours ____（47）____.

Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling. In this way agents learn ____（48）____ and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel-planes; ships, trains, motorcoaches, car-rentals, and even car purchases.

Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts, considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement. Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels, and, conversely, ____（49）____, to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.

The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers, ____（50）____. Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers, and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours. All services must work together for greater efficiency, fair pricing and contented customers.

A including car-rental and sight-seeing services.

B so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.

C in preparing effective advertising campaigns

D as a result tourism is flouring in all countries

E hotels rely upon agencies

F to explain destinations

The Animals in Desert

Some desert animals can survive the very strong summer heat and dryness because they have very unusual characteristics. The camel, for example, can __51__an increase in the temperature of its body and its blood of 9C. In addition, it can drink an enormous __52__ water at one time, then store sufficient water in its red blood cells and other parts of its body to supply its needs for two weeks or more. The kangaroo rat, on the other hand, __53__ all the water it needs from water that it produces during respiration. However, most animals need to __54__a fairly constant body temperature, and will die if it rises more then 5C. __55__, they need to find some way to avoid the strong sunrays. Nor can many animals either store or produce water in their bodies, as the camel and kangaroo rat __56__. So they must find ways to __57__ water loss from their bodies to the lowest degree.

Because very few desert animals can survive the strong rays, the temperature, and the evaporation rate __58__ a typical summers day, most of them are active during the night. Only __59__ the sun has set does the desert come fully to life. The night is relatively cool, and the darkness provides __60__, not only from the sun, but also from other animals and from the birds. So the coming of darkness is the signal __61__ the large majority of animals and insects to continue their search for water and food. When morning comes, most of them seek __62__again. Many go underground; nearly all find somewhere shady where they can avoid the sunrays.

For many kinds of insects, living in the desert is __63__ than for animals. Like many desert plants, they have a waterproof skin which __ 64__ water loss by evaporation. In addition, some insects spend all or most of their life below ground. Here, for most of the year at least, there is __65__ wetness, and it is generally cooler than on the surface.

51. A）carry B）bear C）effect D）delay

52. A）amount B）number C）level D）sum

53. A）obtains B）consumes C）brings D）replaces

54. A）raise B）reject C） maintain D）regulate

55. A）However B）Again C）Instead D）Therefore

56. A）can B）may C）must D） need

57. A）quicken B）reduce C）lighten D）keep

58. A）in B）to C）of D）through

59. A）after B）since C） until D）before

60. A）prevention B）protection C）possession D）permission

61. A）for B）with C）from D）among

62. A）food B）shelter C）water D）work

63. A）easier B）better C）safer D）harder

64. A）causes B）changes C）prevents D）suffers

65. A）little B）plentiful C）thorough D）some